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Bi-specific T-cell engager
Bi-specific T-cell engagers (BiTEs) are a class of artificial bispecific monoclonal antibodies that are investigated for the use as anti-cancer drugs. They direct a host's immune system, more specifically the T cells' cytotoxic activity, against cancer cells. ''BiTE'' is a registered trademark of Micromet AG.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://tarr.uspto.gov/servlet/tarr?regser=serial&entry=78040636 )〕
BiTEs are fusion proteins consisting of two single-chain variable fragments (scFvs) of different antibodies, or amino acid sequences from four different genes, on a single peptide chain of about 55 kilodaltons. One of the scFvs binds to T cells via the CD3 receptor, and the other to a tumor cell via a tumor specific molecule.〔
==Mechanism of action==
Like other bispecific antibodies, and unlike ordinary monoclonal antibodies, BiTEs form a link between T cells and tumor cells. This causes T cells to exert cytotoxic activity on tumor cells by producing proteins like perforin and granzymes, independently of the presence of MHC I or co-stimulatory molecules. These proteins enter tumor cells and initiate the cell's apoptosis.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=BiTE Antibody Platform )〕
This action mimics physiological processes observed during T cell attacks against tumor cells.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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